Economic Substance and Automatic Exchange of Tax Information

Published: 17 Mar 2020
Type: Insight

Economic Substance:  International Tax Co-Operation (Economic Substance) Law, (2020 Revision)

The new year ushered in a 2020 revision of the International Tax Co-operation (Economic Substance) Law (ES Law).

The ES Law is supplemented by the Cayman Islands guidance for economic substance for geographically mobile activities (ES Guidance Notes), version 2.0 of which was published on 30 April 2019.  We had anticipated the final publication of version 3.0 of the ES Guidance Notes during 2019, following the release of a consultation draft in late November of that year.  No such publication occurred, however, and we now expect that updated ES Guidance Notes will not be released until mid-2020 at the earliest.

We strongly recommend that anyone who has not yet addressed the implications of the ES Law on their Cayman entities do so as a matter of urgency.  Appleby would be pleased to assist in this endeavour.  Please contact a member of our Regulatory Team or your usual Appleby contact.

Additionally, we encourage those who have already undertaken the classification exercise to remain mindful of the 2019 notification and reporting requirements and the anticipated release of updated ES Guidance Notes during 2020.

ES NOTIFICATION AND REPORTING

Operators of Cayman Islands exempted companies, LLCs and LLPs and foreign companies registered under the Companies Law are reminded that each such entity is required to file a 2019 notification form under the ES Law (ES Notification) by no later than 31 March 2020.

The ES Notification is filed by the entity’s registered office via the General Registry system of the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands.  The notification form is separate from the General Registry’s annual return for companies but, in terms of timing, the completion and filing of the ES Notification is a prerequisite to filing the annual return.  Entities that fail to file their ES Notification and/or annual return by the deadline noted above will not be in good standing with the Registrar of Companies.

AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE OF TAX INFORMATION (AEOI)

The Cayman Islands Department of International Tax Cooperation (DITC) is in the process of building a new portal for CRS and FATCA registrations and reporting (DITC Portal). The DITC Portal is expected to be available 1 June 2020. All user accounts from the former AEOI Portal will be migrated to the new DITC Portal along with their assigned Financial Institution (FI) numbers.

The DITC will not be accepting any new FI registrations until the new DITC Portal is launched in June 2020.

Under the Tax Information Authority (International Tax Compliance) (United States of America) (Amendment) Regulations, 2020 and Tax Information Authority (International Tax Compliance) (Common Reporting Standard) (Amendment) Regulations, 2020 (together, the New AEOI Regulations), the annual reporting deadline for FATCA and CRS has changed from 31 May to 31 July (of the year following the relevant reporting period). In recognition of the delayed launch of the new DITC Portal, the deadline for 2019 FATCA and CRS reporting (only) will be 18 September 2020.

The New AEOI Regulations also remove the requirements for an Authorising Person and a Principal Point of Contact to be an individual. These roles may now be filled by either an individual or an entity.

Several new Reportable Jurisdictions have been added for CRS purposes. Albania, Ecuador, Kazakhstan, Maldives, Nigeria, Oman, and Peru will be Reportable Jurisdictions for reports due in 2020 and onwards.

Country-by-country (CbC) reporting for multinational enterprises (MNEs) will also migrate to the new DITC Portal. On 2 March 2020, the DITC announced that the CbC reporting portal is scheduled to go offline on 25 March 2020 to facilitate the migration over to the new DITC Portal. It is anticipated that the CbC reporting will be available in the fourth quarter of 2020. The DITC also announced that MNE Groups with a fiscal year starting in the range 1 July 2018 – 31 December 2018 will be required to file their CbC report no later than 31 December 2020 and that CbC reports made by 31 December 2020 will not result in compliance measures being taken for late filing.

IMPORTANT DATES

  • 31 March 2020:  Deadline for 2019 ES Notification filings
  • June 2020: Launch of new DITC Portal for CRS and FATCA registrations and reporting
  • 31 July:  New deadline for FATCA and CRS annual reporting
  • 18 September 2020:  The deadline for 2019 FATCA and CRS reporting only given the new DITC Portal will only be fully functional beginning in June 2020

Economic Substance Online Tool

Appleby has an online Economic Substance Entity Classification Questionnaire which offers guidance through the economic substance regime of the Cayman Islands (as well as the regimes of Bermuda, the BVI, Guernsey, the Isle of Man and Jersey).  It was developed by our legal and regulatory experts and is available online free of charge.  If an entity is in scope of a jurisdiction’s economic substance requirements, the Questionnaire will provide a summary of steps required to meet those requirements.

Share
More publications
Appleby-Website-Cayman2
30 Mar 2026

The Regulation of Cayman Islands Tokenised Funds – Clear Rules Now in Place

On 5 March 2026 the Virtual Asset (Service Providers) (Amendment Bill), 2026, the Mutual Funds (Amendment) Bill, 2026 and the Private Funds (Amendment) Bill, 2026 were passed by the Parliament of the Cayman Islands with unanimous support, providing welcome clarity that Cayman Islands tokenised funds are regulated within Cayman’s existing Mutual Funds Act (MFA) and Private Funds Act (PFA) framework and do not fall within the scope of the Virtual Asset (Service Providers) Act (VASPA).

Appleby-Website-Regulatory-Practice
19 Mar 2026

Key Regulatory Requirements of SIBA Registered Persons in the Cayman Islands

Registered Persons under the Securities Investment Business Act (Revised) (SIBA) attract regulatory requirements including annual reporting requirements with key filing deadlines falling in January and, typically, December each year. The Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (CIMA)’s recently issued General Industry Notice to the effect that all SIBA Registered Persons will be additionally required to submit a Prudential Information Survey for the 2025 calendar year (by 31 March 2026) has signaled CIMA's continued focus on enhancing the resilience, transparency and prudential soundness of the securities investment business (SIB) sector in the Cayman Islands. Accordingly, this briefing reviews some of the other key regulatory and reporting obligations that attach to Registered Persons under SIBA, CIMA’s associated Rules and Statements of Guidance (SOG), the applicable Anti-Money Laundering Regulations (Cayman AML Regulations) the Tax Information Authority (International Tax Compliance) (Common Reporting Standard) Regulations (Revised) (Cayman CRS Regulations) and, where applicable, The International Tax Co-operation (Economic Substance) Act (Revised) (ES Act).

IWD website preview
9 Mar 2026

International Women’s Day 2026 Roundtable: Rights. Justice. Action. For all women and girls.

As we recognise International Women’s Day 2025, we are reminded that gender equality is not just a vision – it’s a call to action.

Appleby-Website-Regulatory-Practice
3 Mar 2026

Cayman Islands Regulatory Round Up - Winter 2025/26

The round-up provides a concise yet thorough summary of regulatory developments relevant to financial service providers (FSPs) and other stakeholders in the Cayman Islands. It highlights key legislative changes, publications by the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (CIMA), updates on financial sanctions, and anticipates upcoming changes through "horizon scanning”. Links to the underlying CIMA publications, as well as related Appleby published briefings and e-alerts are available throughout this document. The information provided is “as of” 28 May 2025.

Appleby-Website-Regulatory-Practice
16 Feb 2026

Preparing for and Managing a CIMA Onsite Inspection

The Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (CIMA) is empowered, under the Monetary Authority Act and certain other regulatory laws, to inspect regulated financial service providers (FSP) in the Cayman Islands such as banks, trust companies, administrators, investment managers and virtual asset service providers for compliance with applicable regulatory frameworks. CIMA routinely conducts onsite inspections of such regulated entities – which can be full-scope (involving a review of all areas of a regulated entity's business operations) or thematically focused on specific areas such as corporate governance and/or internal controls, policies and procedures pertaining to AML/CFT/CPF. With the breadth and number of onsite inspections carried out by CIMA having increased through 2024 and 2025 we consider, in this briefing: (i) the CIMA onsite inspection process; (ii) the latest feedback available from CIMA in respect of inspections conducted to date; and (iii) some frequently asked questions in relation to CIMA onsite inspections.

Appleby-Website-Arbitration-and-Dispute-Resolution
16 Feb 2026

Injunctive Relief in Another Form? Cayman Court's Jurisdiction to Appoint JPLs Despite Ongoing Arbitration

In Peakwave Investment Management Ltd v Energy Evolution GP Ltd [link],[1] the Grand Court confirmed that it has jurisdiction to appoint provisional liquidators notwithstanding the fact that the company’s shareholders are engaged in an arbitration over its affairs, as mandated by a binding arbitration agreement. This article considers the decision and its implications.

The Exception To The Rule: Stricter Test Applies Where Granting An Interlocutory Injunction Would Shut Out Trial
11 Feb 2026

When the Court intervenes… and when it does not: Grand Court Reaffirms Limited Curial Intervention in Support of Foreign Arbitrations

The Financial Services Division of the Grand Court’s judgment in In the matter of A v B & C (FSD 270 of 2025) provides a timely reminder of the proper boundaries between national courts and international arbitration tribunals in respect of the grant of interim relief. The decision underscores the Cayman Islands' commitment to the principle of limited curial intervention and confirms that the Court’s powers under section 54 of the Arbitration Act 2012 are ancillary to the arbitral process and are only to be exercised when the tribunal cannot provide effective relief itself. The judgment helpfully sets out clear parameters for those seeking ancillary relief and highlights that the Cayman courts will support arbitration proceedings without supplanting them.

Website-Code-Cayman-2
5 Feb 2026

Recusal For Apparent Bias Is Not A New Frontier

In Re New Frontier Health Corporation,[1] Justice Doyle decided to recuse himself, such that he would not hear the trial listed to commence weeks later, on the basis that he made findings in his recent Re 51job Inc judgment, as to the reliability and credibility of the same two experts who would give evidence at the New Frontier trial. The New Frontier judgment represents a further endorsement by the Cayman courts of the fundamental maxim that justice must not only be done, but must be seen to be done.

Appleby-Website-Corporate-Practice
4 Feb 2026

The New Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework – Relevance for Cayman Investment Funds

The Tax Information Authority (International Tax Compliance) (Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework) Regulations, 2025 (CARF Regulations) came into effect on 1 January 2026 and provide for the collection, reporting and automatic exchange of information on transactions in crypto-assets.  The CARF Regulations will operate in a similar fashion to the existing Cayman Common Reporting Standard (CRS) regime which facilitates the automatic exchange of financial account information.  For information on recent changes to the CRS, please see our December advisory here.